Internal-combustion engine.



T. I. A. TMASINL .INTERNAL GOMBUSHON ENGINE.

APPLIGATIUN FILED FEB. l0, l914.

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T., I; A. TOMASINI. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APYPLICATION'FILBD IFBB. l0, 1914. I

Nateuseol Neb. 16, 119%.

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T. I. A. TOMASINI.- INTERNAL COM-BUSTION ENGINE. ArPLIcATIoN FILED 121113.10, 1914.

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'BV in NTUHIWEVS PatentedFeb. 16, 1915.

T. I. A. TOMASINL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED PEBJ, 19M.

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4: SHEETS-SHEET IMEMTR /WWNNEVS T all whom it mag/,concern THOMAS Is'lnonn Annan-'r reifnsmi, or sait reisen, amronnm.

massiver-common ENGINE.

Be it known that l, THOMAS BERTI ToMAsiNI, a 4citizen vof the United States, and a resident of San Francisco, in the county .of San Francisco and State of California,fhave made certain new and use-- ful Improvements in .Internal .Combustion Engines, ,of which the following is ,a lspeciication.

a device which has a plurality of cylinders,

and in which the explosions takeV place in regular succession.

A further ob]ect of my invention is to provide a novel form of device in which there is an auxiliary compression cylinderl for each explosion cylinder, the compression cylinder not only acting to compress the charge preparatory to firing the same, but also acting asa compression vmeans for the eiiicient scavenging of the cylinder after-the explosion has taken place.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification and the novel features of the device will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming partl of this application in 'which- Figure 1 shows an end view of an engine constructed according to my invention, certain parts being in section, Fig. 2 is a section alongethe line 2-2 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows, Fig. 3 is a section along the linel 3-3 of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is a view of ari-automobile engine construct- .ed according to my invention, Figs. 5, 6 and y 7 are "diagrammatical views showing the operation of the pistons, and Fig. 8 is a modified form showing a ten-cylinder ,engine. n i

In carrymg out .my invention I provide a pluralityof opposed cylinders. A pair of opposed cylinders is shown in Fig. 2 at 1.

and 2 respectively. Within the cylinder 1 is a piston 3, while a similar piston 4 is disposed in the cylinder 2. rlhese cylinders are provided lwith the usual vpacking rings 3a and 4a respectively and are connected together by means of arms 5, so as to move in unison. l The cylinder ,1 is provided with a water jacket 6, while the cylinder 2 is y Specincation of Letters latent. p

lemons Ana provided with a similar water jacket 7. A4

spark plug 8 extendsthrough the walls ofv A e the cylinder 1, `while a similar spark plug 9 extends Ythrough the walls of the cylinder 2. Disposed ad]acent to the ,cylinders 1 and 2, preferably above .them'f are the lcylinders Y10Y and 11.A These cylinders are pro-` vided -With pistons 12 and 13 respectively which are rigidly connected together by means .of the connecting members 14 so as to lmove in unison. The cylinder 10 has an inlet port 15 which communicates by means of a pipe 16 with the intake manifold 17, leading `from .the canbureter 18v (see Fig. 4). The inlet 15 is controlled by aninlet valve 1.9, which is normally held by a spring 20 in a closed position. The cylinder 11 has an intake valve 21 similar to the valve 19 in the cylinder 10, and which is held in a normally closed position by means of a spring 22. The Valve 21 controls an vinlet port 23, which communicates by means of a pipe 424 withthemanifold17.

Between the ends of the cylinders 1 and 10 is a passage 25 which is controlled by a valve 26. rl`his valve has a valve stem 27 which passes through a guide member 28 against which onev end of a .spring 29 bears, the other end of the spring bearing against a collar 3@ on the valve stem. The end 31 of the valve stem is designed to be engaged by the piston 12 in its movement. A similar arrangement is providedfor the cylinder 2 and includes the passage 32, valve 33, valve stem 34, guide 35, spring 36, and collar 37.

The cylinder 1 is nprovided with an exit pipe 38 which communicates with a series of .exhaust ports 39 adapted to be covered and uncovered by the movement of the 'piston 3. The cylinder 2 has a similar exhaust pipe 40 and exhaust ports 41- similar to the ports 39, which are arranged to be covered and uncovered by the movement of the piston 4.

As will be seen from Fig. 2 the frames of the cylinders are extended, as shown at 1X and 2*, and are secured together at their central portions by means of bolts 42. These extensions 1 and 2x are curved downwardly to 4forman oil chamber 43, which is provided with a drain cock 44. As stated before, the working cylinders 1 and 2 are water jacketed, while the cylinders 10 and 1 11 may be'provided with radiating projec- `projections may be dispensed with in certain cases, or simllar pro]ect1ons may be i' added to the cylinders 1 and 2 without departing from the spirit of the invention.

The arrangement of cylindersshown in Fig. 2 may be duplicated to provide various sets of cylinders such as those shown at A,

. B and C in Fig. 1, each consisting of two pistons such as that shown at 4 in Fig. 2. From this it will be understood that any movement of the piston 4 will tend to turn the crank shaft 46. The shaft 46 bears a gear 48 which is arranged to mesh with a gear 49 on a crank shaft 50, which Ahas U- shaped crank portions 50, 50b and 50.`also connected by pitmen 51 with the pistons such as that shown at 13 in Fig. 2, these crank portions 50a, 50b and 50c also being at 120o apart with respect to the axis of the shaft 50. It will be understood, of course, that Where a larger number of cyllinders is used the crank portions 46a, 46h, 46, etc., would be disposed about the axis of their respective shafts at such intervals as to cause the working cylinders to be fired 1n succession, so as to' give a uniform-movement to the crank shaft. The crank; portions' 50a, 50h, 50, etc., of the upper tier-of cylinders would be arranged accordingly.- In the present instance I have shown three sets of lower working cylinders, and therefore the angles between the crank portions of the adjacent sets are 1209 apart as stated.

From the foregoing description of the various parts of the device the operation thereof may be readily understood.

In Figs. 5, 6 and 7 I have shown diagram matically the positions of the pistonsin one of the sets of cylinders during variois'stages of the operation of the engine and since the other cylinders are precisely alikethe description of the one set will be isucient.

The engine is cranked in the usual manner` and the piston 12 in the cylinder A10 is moving in the direction shown by the arrows. The valve 26 is closed by the spring29 (see Fig. 2). The valve 19 is opened since the piston 12 i's now sucking in a chargethrough the port. On the return stroke of the piston 12, as shown in Fig. 6 both valves 19 y and 26' will be closed `rand the charge will be compressed in the cylinder10. N'ow when the piston 12'engages`the valve stem 27 of the valve 26 it will force the latter valve open and thel compressed charge will rush through the. passage 25 and into the lcylinder 1, dri'vingbefore it'fthe exhaust gases in bile' engine.

the cylinder 1, so as to thoroughly scavenge the cylinder. Immediately thereafter the piston 3 of the cylinder 1 covers the exhaust port 39 and tends to compress the charge in the cylinder 1. The movement of the pis- `ton 3 at this point in the compression is shown in Fig. 5. The charge in the cylinder.

1 is now exploded and the piston 3 is driven forward in\the direction shown in Fig. 6. As soon as the piston 3 uncovers the exhaust port 39 the piston 12 in the cylinder 10 has reachedzthe position to open the valve 26 s0 as to scavenge the cylinder. It will be apparent from the diagrammatical showing in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 that the pistons 13 and 4 in the cylinders 11 and 2 respectively are working in opposite phases from the pistons `12 and 3 in the cylinders 10 and 1 respectively. Thus in Fig. 5, the piston 13 is compressing the charge in the cylinder 11, while the piston 4 is being drivenforward by the explosion stroke. In Fig. 6 the valve 33 is opened to permit the charge in the cylinder 11 to scavenge the cylinder 2 through the outlet port 41, while in Fig. 7 the piston 4 is just atthe point where the explosion stroke is about to take place, while the piston 13 is about to compress the gas in the cylinder 11. The arrangement thus dcscribed provides an exceedingly eflicient engine, since the cylinders are rapidly scavenged and are therefore full of a clean mixturejvhen explosion takes place.` It. 'will be noted that the return of the working'pistons 3 and 4, so as to compress the gas', is effected not merely by the revolution of the fiy wheel, but lby the direct force of the eXplosion stroke on the opposite piston, since it ton. The opening of the inlet valves 26 and 33 is accomplished positively by the contactof the pistons 12 and 13 with their valve stems so that there is no danger of these valves ever sticking.

In order to provide for the efiicient lubrication of the device I arrange the oil well 43, so that the crank portions 46, 46", etc., will dip down into the oil at each revolution. The oil thus thoroughly lubricates the crank and is thrown by thel latter on the walls of the cylinders, so as to provide constant lubrication for the latter. In order to protect the gears 48 and 49 I provide a casing 52, as shown in Fig. 1. l

The engine or motor which forms the subject of the present invention is designed to I be used for various purposes such as for automobiles, motor boats,and for general use where internal combustion engines are desirable.. In Fig. 4 Ihave shown an automo- In this figure the main drive shaft 46 is provided with a fly wheel 53 at one end, and with a power transmittin de- -vice such as a pulley 54, and belt 55 a the other'end. The belt 55 is designed to run over a. pulley 56 on a shaft 57. rllhe latter -'j'passes overa pulley 64 on the stub shaft and is connected with a rotary member. 'of a, pump 58 which maintains the circulation of .water Iin the jackets by means of pipes such as those shown at 59. rlhe'shaft 57 also drives the'armature of a magneto 60 to vwhich the spark plugs are connected, as`

shown. A fan 61 is disposeo m a stub shaft .G2-and is driven by means of a belt 63 which over a drive wheel 65 on the shaft 57 ln Fig. 8 I have shown a series of ve sets I of cylinders such as the set shown in Fig'. 2.

'lhese five sets I have designated A, B, C, D and The ,crank shaft 46* is, of course, connected with the pistons of the cylinders so that 'the lower set of ten cylinders are fired successively, thereby giving the crank Ashaft a substantially uniform motion. rlhe crank shaft 46* drives the crank shaft 50x by means of gears closed ina casing 52x in a similar manner as the gearing shown in connection with Fig. l. lt is obvious that a greater or less number of sets of cyniders may be used than those shown without de-A parting from the spirit and scope of the invention.

1. In an internal combustion engine, a working cylinder provided with an exhaust port and having a piston arrangedxto cover anduncover the exhaust port, a compression cylinder associated with said working cylinder and having a piston and an inlet port, a passage connecting said compression cylinder with said working cylinder, a valve for controlling said passage adapted to be positively operated by the engagement of the piston of the compression cylinder when the inlet port` for said compression cylinder, a

piston in the working cylinder has cleared the exhaust port, the return stroke of the piston in the working cylinder serving-to compress-the charge in the working cylinder," and l means for exploding thev conipressed l charge.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a compression cylinder, a piston therefor, an

into said working chamber when the exhaust port in the working cylinder is open, said valve being positively operated by the movement of the piston in the compression cylinder, the return stroke of the piston in the working cylinder serving to compress the gas in the working cylinder, and means for exploding the gas. y 3. In an internal combustion engine, a compression cylinder, .a piston therefor,l any inlet port for said compression cylinder, a spring-pressed valve for normally closing said inlet port and adaptedlto open automatically when the pressure is lowered within the compression cylinder, a working cylinder, a piston therefor, a passage connecting said compression cylinder with said working cylinder, a valve for controlling said passage, said valve being normallyT closed and adapted to be opened bythe engagement of the piston in the compression cylinder with the valve stem, and an eX- haust port in said working cylinder adapted to be covered and uncovered by the movement of the piston of the worklng cylinder, the movements of the pistons in the compression cylinder and the working cylinder being such that when the piston of the committing the charge from the .compression cylinder to scavenge the working cylinder, said i charge being subsequently compressed by the movement of the piston in said working cylinder.

THOMAS ISIDORE ALBERT 'lOlllAEaIllll-tv Witnesses:

' SEELEY SHAW,

' J. R. MURPHY. 

